Abstract
We report results of the studies relating to the development of a non-invasive, label free immunosensor based on nanostructured hafnium oxide (hafinia) deposited onto indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass for oral cancer biomarker (CYFRA-21-1) detection in human saliva. The nanostructured hafnia (nHfO2) has been synthesized via one step low temperature hydrothermal process and modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (APTES) for covalent immobilization of monoclonal antibodies (anti-CYFRA-21-1). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to block non-specific sites at the anti-CYFRA-21-1/APTES/nHfO2/ITO electrode surface. The structural, morphological and spectroscopic characterization of the synthesized nanomaterials and fabricated electrodes has been carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies, respectively. The results of response studies conducted on BSA/anti-CYFRA-21-1/APTES/nHfO2/ITO immunoelectrode reveal that this biosensor has high sensitivity (9.28μAmLng−1cm−2), wide linear detection range (2–18ngmL−1) and fast response time (15min). This immunosensor has been validated with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in saliva samples of oral cancer patients.
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