Abstract
This study presents the highly-sensitive, millisecond-response, and self-powered photosensors based on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/Bi0.93R0.07FeO3 ceramic/Au heterostructures (R = Nd, Gd) at 360-nm irradiation. Photocurrent density (Jph), photoconductive gain (G), photoresponsivity (R) and specific detectivity (D*) were significantly boosted by an electric-field poling, and can reach 1.4 mA/cm2, 25%, 71 mA/W and 2.4 × 1011 Jones in the ITO/Bi0.93Gd0.07FeO3/Au; 0.17 mA/cm2, 14.5%, 42 mA/W and 2.6 × 1012 Jones in the ITO/Bi0.93Nd0.07FeO3/Au. Fast response times of 0.6 ms and 1.0 ms are respectively detected in the ITO/Bi0.93Gd0.07FeO3/Au and ITO/Bi0.93Nd0.07FeO3/Au. The enhanced photodetection is driven collectively by the p-n heterojunction, the depolarization field, and the electric-field-induced domain-wall nucleation. The complex network consisting of grain boundaries and nanoscale domain walls provides electrically conductive passages in the grain matrix. This work delivers an energy self-sufficient route using the polycrystalline rare-earth-doped BiFeO3 ceramics for the high-performance photodetection in the ultraviolet-A spectrum.
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