Abstract
Rapid developments in personal electronics and sensor networks have raised urgent and challenging requirements for portable and sustainable power sources. As a result, fabrication of highly durable piezoelectric energy harvesters with high power density has become a priority. In this work, a sensitive flexible piezoelectric energy harvester (FPEH) was constructed by filling a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer matrix with oriented BaTi2O5 nanorods (BT2). Synthesizing the BT2 nanorods by the molten salt method gave them a strong polarity along the b-axis, and they were then further aligned in the horizontal direction in the PVDF matrix by hot pressing, which helped to give them a textured structure that would ensure a significant increase in power generation in the cantilever beam mode. Out of all the compositions, 5 vol% BT2/PVDF FPEH exhibited the optimal energy harvesting performance with a high power density of 27.4 μW/cm3 together with excellent mechanical properties under a large acceleration of 10 g. More importantly, the FPEH retained its performance even after an extended period of cantilever vibration cycles (~ 330,000). Because of their excellent performance, FPEHs show great potential for harvesting mechanical energy for self-powered systems and can be used to harvest energy from rotating wheels to charge a capacitor and instantly power up various sensors.
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