Abstract

Proton conductivity research on single crystals is essential to elucidate their conduction mechanism and guide the unidirectional crystal growth to improve the performance of electrolyte materials. Herein, we report a highly anisotropic proton-conductive 2D metal–organic framework (MOF) [Cu2(Htzehp)2(4,4′-bipy)]·3H2O (1·3H2O, H3tzehp = N-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)ethyl]-l-hydroxyproline) with definite crystal structures showing single-crystal to single-crystal transformation between the anhydrate (1) and trihydrate (1·3H2O) phases. The hydrogen bonded chains consisted of well-defined lattice water molecules and hydroxyl functional groups of the Htzehp2– ligand array inside the 2D interlayer spaces along the crystallographic a-axis ([100] direction) in 1·3H2O. Temperature- and humidity-dependent proton conductivity was achieved along the [100] and [010] directions, respectively. The anisotropic proton conductivity of σ[100]/σ[010] in a single crystal of 1·3H2O was as high as 2 orders of magnitude. The highest p...

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