Highly Active Carbon-Based Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Brief Review

Chi-Ang Tseng,Chuan-Pei Lee

doi:10.3390/physics2030023

Chi-Ang Tseng, Chuan-Pei Lee

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/physics2030023

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Journal: Physics	Publication Date: Sep 8, 2020
Citations: 4	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: National Taiwan University, University of Taipei

Abstract

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional silicon-based solar cells due to their relatively high conversion efficiency, low cost, flexibility, and environmentally benign fabrication processes. In DSSCs, platinum (Pt)-based materials used as the counter electrode (CE) exhibit the superior catalytic ability toward the reduction reaction of triiodide ions, which are attributed to their excellent catalytic activity and high electrical conductivity. However, Pt-based materials with high cost and limited supply hinder them from mass production. Developing highly active and stable CE materials without noble metals has been a persistent challenge for the practical application in DSSCs. Recently, a number of earth-abundant catalysts, especially carbon-based materials, display high activity, low cost, and good stability that render them attractive candidates to replace Pt in DSSCs. Herein, we will briefly review recent progress on carbon-based electrocatalysts as CEs in DSSC applications. The strategies of improving the catalytic activity of carbon-based materials such as structural engineering and/or heteroatom doping will be introduced. The active sites toward the reduction reaction of triiodide ions summarized from experimental results or theoretical calculation will also be discussed. Finally, the futuristic prospects and challenges of carbon-based electrocatalysts as CEs in DSSCs will be briefly mentioned.

Highlights

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted much attention and have made increasing progress since they were first reported in 1991 [1]
The counter electrode (CE) is responsible for catalyzing the reduction of I3 − ions in the electrolyte solution, which plays a crucial role on the performance of DSSCs
The electrocatalytic activity of graphene can be enhanced by introducing one kind of heteroatom we reviewed above

Summary

Introduction

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted much attention and have made increasing progress since they were first reported in 1991 [1] Many attractive properties such as low-cost fabrication processes, lightweight, flexible, and good performance in weak light conditions have been demonstrated in DSSCs [2,3,4]. The CE is responsible for catalyzing the reduction of I3 − ions in the electrolyte solution, which plays a crucial role on the performance of DSSCs. In general, platinum (Pt; the actual material is more precisely Pt/PtOx ) exhibits good electrical conductivity and excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of the redox couples [6]. DSSCs [10,11]

A Nyquist plot as in shown in1d

Synthesis of Graphene

Graphene-Based

Findings

Conclusions and solar