Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of open quantum systems is important and challenging in basic physics and applications for quantum devices and quantum computing. Semiconductor quantum dots offer a good platform to explore the physics of open quantum systems because we can tune parameters including the coupling to the environment or leads. Here, we apply the fast single-shot measurement techniques from spin qubit experiments to explore the spin and charge dynamics due to tunnel coupling to a lead in a quantum dot-lead hybrid system. We experimentally observe both spin and charge time evolution via first- and second-order tunneling processes, and reveal the dynamics of the spin-flip through the intermediate state. These results enable and stimulate the exploration of spin dynamics in dot-lead hybrid systems, and may offer useful resources for spin manipulation and simulation of open quantum systems.
Highlights
Electronic properties of quantum dots (QDs) have been widely studied to explore the solid-state physics of confined, interacting electrons[1,2,3,4,5] and in addition consider various applications to quantum effect devices, quantum models, quantum information technologies and so on[6,7,8]
The left QD in the double quantum dot (DQD) couples to a lead, and the coupling strength is tuned by the voltage VT applied on gate T
The QD charge sensor is connected to an RF resonator formed by the inductor L and the stray capacitance Cp for RF reflectometry[26,27,28]
Summary
Electronic properties of quantum dots (QDs) have been widely studied to explore the solid-state physics of confined, interacting electrons[1,2,3,4,5] and in addition consider various applications to quantum effect devices, quantum models, quantum information technologies and so on[6,7,8]. The environment can be tailored by applying bias voltages or using specific states such as ferromagnets[10], superconductors[11], quantum Hall states[12,13,14], and others This variability gives rise to attractive science like Fano interference[15,16,17], RKKY interactions[18], and the general physics of open and nonequilibrium systems. The higher order process occurs via transitions to and from the virtural intermediate states because of the time energy uncertainty principle When such transitions happen, they can induce a spin change but no charge change between the initial and the final states. We measured time-dependent spin and charge changes and demonstrate the spin change with no charge change through the intermediate state in the second order tunneling process
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