Abstract
.SignificanceOptical coherence tomography (OCT) allows high-resolution volumetric three-dimensional (3D) imaging of biological tissues in vivo. However, 3D-image acquisition can be time-consuming and often suffers from motion artifacts due to involuntary and physiological movements of the tissue, limiting the reproducibility of quantitative measurements.AimTo achieve real-time 3D motion compensation for corneal tissue with high accuracy.ApproachWe propose an OCT system for volumetric imaging of the cornea, capable of compensating both axial and lateral motion with micron-scale accuracy and millisecond-scale time consumption based on higher-order regression. Specifically, the system first scans three reference -mode images along the -axis before acquiring a standard C-mode image. The difference between the reference and volumetric images is compared using a surface-detection algorithm and higher-order polynomials to deduce 3D motion and remove motion-related artifacts.ResultsSystem parameters are optimized, and performance is evaluated using both phantom and corneal (ex vivo) samples. An overall motion-artifact error of microns and processing time of about 3.40 ms for each B-scan was achieved.ConclusionsHigher-order regression achieved effective and real-time compensation of 3D motion artifacts during corneal imaging. The approach can be expanded to 3D imaging of other ocular tissues. Implementing such motion-compensation strategies has the potential to improve the reliability of objective and quantitative information that can be extracted from volumetric OCT measurements.
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