Abstract
One of the pioneers who introduced superconductivity of metal solids was Kamerlingh Onnes (1911). Researchers always struggled to make observations towards superconductivity at high temperatures for achieving goals of evaluating normal room temperature superconductors. The physical properties are based entirely on the behavior of conventional and metal superconductors as a result of high-temperature superconductors. Various synthetic approaches are employed to fabricate high-temperature superconductors, but solid-state thermochemical process which involves mixing, calcinating, and sintering is the easiest approach. Emerging novel high-temperature superconductors mainly engaged with technological applications such as power transmission, Bio-magnetism, and Tokamaks high magnetic field. Finally, in this chapter, we will discuss a brief outlook, future prospects, and finished with possible science fiction and some opportunities with high-temperature superconductors.
Highlights
Various metals exhibit modest electrical resistance owing to normal room temperatures, may be turned into superconductors by employing a frozen route towards absolute zero temperature
A more common disadvantage is that no High-temperature superconductors (HTS) may be refrigerated using dry ice, and none amongst those may work at room temperature as well as pressure
The very first suggestion in favor of high-temperature cuprate superconductors d-wave pair symmetry was offered by Scalettar, Scalapino, and Bickers [44], which was associated with theories presented in 1988 by famous researchers known as Hirschfeld, Doniach, Inui, and Ruckenstein [45], they used spin fluctuation theory
Summary
Various metals exhibit modest electrical resistance owing to normal room temperatures, may be turned into superconductors by employing a frozen route towards absolute zero temperature. The most familiar application is in hospitals in the form of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), proving as standarddiagnostic-tool to diagnose dead cells in the human body by scanning it successfully This is a low-cost running device as compared with the cost of “exploratory surgery” [8, 9]. Most HTS behave such as ceramic type materials while metallic superconductors often work at temperature (< −200 °C), referred to as LTS (low-temperature superconductors) [11, 12]. A major benefit belonging to high-temperature ceramic superconducting materials is their cooling through liquid-nitrogen on the contrary; metallic superconductors often need rare coolants that may be liquid helium [7, 15]. A more common disadvantage is that no HTS may be refrigerated using dry ice, and none amongst those may work at room temperature as well as pressure.
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