Abstract
The oxidation behavior of two ferrite/martensite (F/M) steels, including a novel 9–12 % Cr modified F/M steel named SIMP steel and a commercial T91 steel, were studied in air at 700 °C for up to 1,000 h. The oxides formed on the two steels were characterized and analyzed by XRD, XPS, SEM and EPMA. The results showed that the oxide formed on SIMP steel was single-layer including flake-like Cr2O3 with Mn1.5Cr1.5O4 spinel particles, while the oxide on T91 steel exhibited a double layers structure consisting of an outer hematite Fe2O3 layer and an inner Fe–Cr spinel layer. The reason why the SIMP steel showed better high temperature oxidation resistance than T91 steel was analyzed to be due to the higher Cr and Si contents that could form compact and continuous oxide layer on the steel. Based on all the results, a kinetic model describing nucleation, growth and degradation of the oxide scale formed on surfaces of the two steels was proposed.
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