High-T/sub c/ SQUID sensors with integrated earth field compensation

Abstract

An encapsulation with integrated field compensation coils for superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometers is presented. The capsule is fabricated from printed-circuit board material. In spite of the small capsule size of 18 mm/spl times/16 mm/spl times/4.8 mm, the compensation field at nominal capsule dimensions is homogeneous to about /spl plusmn/2% over the area of the SQUID magnetometer pickup coil of 9 mm/spl times/9 mm. The field homogeneity degrades by about a factor of two for worst-case tolerances in the thickness of the board material or in the positions of the field coils. A low-noise current source was integrated into our microcontroller-based SQUID readout electronics in order to supply the field coils. Compensation fields of up to /spl plusmn/71 /spl mu/T can be produced with only 19 fT//spl radic/Hz excess noise above the 1/f corner at about 2 Hz. The current source has a 10%-90% settling time of 2.2 ms allowing one to compensate the background field dynamically in environments with very large low-frequency field fluctuations or even in slowly moved sensor systems.