Abstract
Abstract The economic need to realize high preloads in slip resistant connections has promoted the tightening of fasteners above the yield stress. The tensile and torsional stresses at this tightening level and the eventual consecutive deteriorations of the screws and the nuts are more or less unknown. An experimental research program undertaken in Belgium has given more precise information on the behaviour of the fasteners during tightening until the ultimate state (maximal preload) as well indications of how to improve this behaviour by using nuts of a higher hardness and better lubricants. The tests have shown that when tightening with the combined method, as specified in Eurocode 3, and when using higher grade nuts and better lubricants, no excessive deformations occur.
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