Abstract
BackgroundThe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses worldwide. HPV infection in men is a serious clinical issue as they could be considered as a reservoir for inadvertently transmitting infection to women. Moreover, genital HPV infection could be a source for anogenital cancers in men.MethodsThis cross sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018. Four hundred fifteen asymptomatic men who were visited by specialists, referred to Nilou laboratory in terms of high risk (HR) HPV test testing. HR-HPV genotypes were detected using an approved assay which could discover HPV 16, HPV 18 and a pool of other high risk HPV genotypes as well as 16+ other HR and 18 + other HR (as multiple genotypes). SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe mean age was 33 ± 8.14 years. Specimens were referred to the laboratory by urologists, (n = 132, 32%, 95%CI: 25.0–39.4), dermatologists, (n = 104, 25, 95% CI: 19.1–30.9), gynecologists, (n = 75, 18, 95%CI: 13.3–29.3) and other specialists (n = 104, 25, 95% CI:19.1–30.9). The overall prevalence of other HR HPV, HPV16, HPV18 and multiple genotypes were 54.2% (45/83), 25.3% (21/83), 3.6% (3/83) and 16.8% (14/83), respectively. The frequency of HR-HPV, HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes was the highest among 30–40 years old.ConclusionThe prevalence of HR-HPV infection among Iranian asymptomatic males was relatively high. Investigation on HPV infection in men as reservoir and transmission vehicle of HPV in addition to screening in women will improve the national public health provisions and will contribute to the application of infection control measurements at a national level.
Highlights
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses worldwide
Four hundred and fifteen asymptomatic heterosexual males who were mostly visited by dermatologists, gynecologists and urologists referred to Nilou laboratory in order to test high risk (HR)-human papillomavirus (HPV) because of importance of detecting infected men (HRHPV+) as reservoir which can endanger women as their sexual partners
Statistics This study shows the distribution of categorical variable as HR-HPV genotype in men of different age groups
Summary
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted viruses worldwide. It has been suggested that men may constitute a reservoir for inadvertently transmitting infection to women and because of its asymptomatic nature, contributing to the persistence of infection and cancer [13]. Since HPV types 16 and 18 have been designated as conferring the greatest risk for cervical disease, their detection may prove useful in guiding patient management [17]. In this regard, the difference in age patterning of different HPV-related diseases suggests that genital HPV natural history in men varies by age and HPV type. The objective of the current survey was to characterize the type-specific HPV genital infection positivity distribution in men according to age in order to identify age ranges and genotypes that can directly endanger asymptomatic men who referred to Nilou laboratory and their partners
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