Abstract
Perovskite solar cell has gained wide attention due to its excellent photoelectric performance and economical fabrication process, with high-efficiency perovskite solar cell could be achieved by optimizing film morphology. In this work, a kind of Lewis-bases, urea(U), was used as a novel additive in synergy with DMSO to regulate the crystallization processes. Adding slight amount of DMSO can obviously improve the reproducibility of device and optimize the spin-coating process. The mechanism of the action can be explained by infrared spectroscopy. Under the coordination of the lead ion that could accept electron pairs and the CO bond in urea, introduction of urea in perovskite precursor solution to form MAI·PbI2·DMSO·urea complex could significantly improve the photoelectric properties of the perovskite films. It formed a smooth and large grain-size perovskite film with no visible pinhole or crack found. Finally, the device fabricated with the incorporation of 50% urea presented a high performance with a PCE of 17.82%.
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