Abstract
A simple accurate and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of meloxicam and piroxicam concentrations in small volume plasma samples has been developed. Following a liquid extraction using chloroform, samples were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on an XBridge C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm) and quantified using ultraviolet detection at 360 nm. The mobile phase was a mixture of water with glacial acetic acid (pH 3.0) and acetonitrile (50 : 50), with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The standard curve ranged from 5 to 10,000 ng/mL for meloxicam in bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) plasma and piroxicam in crane (Grus rubicunda) plasma. Intra- and interassay variability for meloxicam and piroxicam were less than 10% and the average recovery was greater than 90% for both drugs. This method was developed in bearded dragon and crane plasma and should be applicable to any species, making it useful for those investigators dealing with small sample volumes, particularly when conducting pharmacokinetics studies which require multiple sampling from the same animal.
Highlights
Meloxicam, 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2yl)-1,1-dioxo-1λ6,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide, and piroxicam, 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,1-dioxo-N-pyridin-2-yl-1λ6, 2benzothiazine-3-carboxamide, are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with analgesic properties
The goal of the study was to develop a simple method that did not require the use of mass spectrometry, column switching, or large amounts of organic solvents
We found that ultraviolet detection at 360 nm produced chromatograms with the largest meloxicam and piroxicam areas compared to those at 350 nm, 355 nm, and 364 nm
Summary
4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2yl)-1,1-dioxo-1λ6,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide, and piroxicam, 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,1-dioxo-N-pyridin-2-yl-1λ6, 2benzothiazine-3-carboxamide, are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with analgesic properties. They are generally used to treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis; they can be used for other painful conditions such as injuries, cancer surgery, and dental infections. The ability to only inhibit the inflammatory COX proved to be revolutionary for pain management. The introduction of COX-2 preferential NSAIDs has reduced stomach and intestinal side effects. Meloxicam can be metabolized to as many as four biologically inactive metabolites depending on the species; the 5-hydroxy methyl derivative is the most common metabolite. Piroxicam metabolism occurs via a cytochrome P450 2C isoform to multiple biologically inactive metabolites, with 5-hydroxy-prioxicam being the most common
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