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Abstract
BackgroundThe role of dietary factors in the pathophysiology of acne vulgaris is highly controversial. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the association between dietary factors and acne vulgaris among Malaysian young adults.MethodsA case–control study was conducted among 44 acne vulgaris patients and 44 controls aged 18 to 30 years from October 2010 to January 2011. Comprehensive acne severity scale (CASS) was used to determine acne severity. A questionnaire comprising items enquiring into the respondent’s family history and dietary patterns was distributed. Subjects were asked to record their food intake on two weekdays and one day on a weekend in a three day food diary. Anthropometric measurements including body weight, height and body fat percentage were taken. Acne severity was assessed by a dermatologist.ResultsCases had a significantly higher dietary glycemic load (175 ± 35) compared to controls (122 ± 28) (p < 0.001). The frequency of milk (p < 0.01) and ice-cream (p < 0.01) consumptions was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Females in the case group had a higher daily energy intake compared to their counterparts in the control group, 1812 ± 331 and 1590 ± 148 kcal respectively (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found in other nutrient intakes, Body Mass Index, and body fat percentage between case and control groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsGlycemic load diet and frequencies of milk and ice cream intake were positively associated with acne vulgaris.
Highlights
The role of dietary factors in the pathophysiology of acne vulgaris is highly controversial
Milk was found to be positively associated with acne flares [3] while in 1969, a study reported that there was no association between chocolate and acne vulgaris [4]
This study suggested that glycemic load has a significant positive relationship with acne vulgaris occurrence after considering factors like Body Mass Index (BMI) and gender
Summary
The role of dietary factors in the pathophysiology of acne vulgaris is highly controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the association between dietary factors and acne vulgaris among Malaysian young adults. Acne vulgaris affects up to 85% of adolescent population in the United Kingdom [1]. In Malaysia, the prevalence of facial acne vulgaris among teenagers was 67.5% [2]. The condition was more common among males (71.1%) compared to females (64.6%). Previous studies enquiring into the potential link between diet and acne vulgaris have shown controversial results. Milk was found to be positively associated with acne flares [3] while in 1969, a study reported that there was no association between chocolate and acne vulgaris [4]. The crossover study by Fulton et al [4] was methodologically
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