Abstract
The process of high-energy soliton fission is experimentally and numerically investigated in a graded-index multimode fiber. Fission dynamics is analyzed by comparing experimental observations and simulations. A novel nonlinear propagation regime is observed, where solitons produced by the fission have a nearly constant Raman wavelength shift and same pulse width over a wide range of soliton energies.
Highlights
The concept of optical soliton propagation in multimode (MM) fibers was introduced in the literature nearly forty years ago [1,2,3]
We have studied the dynamics of spatiotemporal femtosecond solitons in GRIN MM fibers at MW peak power levels approaching the critical value for beam collapse
We found that input ultra-short pulses may decay into a train of wavelength-multiplexed MM Raman solitons with different energies, but, remarkably, nearly equal temporal durations
Summary
The concept of optical soliton propagation in multimode (MM) fibers was introduced in the literature nearly forty years ago [1,2,3]. From a fundamental point of view, multimode fiber solitons provide an experimentally accessible example of spatiotemporal solitons or light bullets, where dispersion and diffraction are balanced by nonlinearity at the same time [4]. It is interesting to explore the dynamics of these fascinating and elusive nonlinear wave packets, as the power of the pulse approaches the critical value for self-focusing. In bulk Kerr media, self-similar optical wave collapse occurs whenever self-focusing due to the Kerr effect overcomes diffraction [5]. The dynamics of spatiotemporal solitons at powers approaching the multi-dimensional collapse power remain largely unexplored in fiber optics experiments. A main objective of this work is to bridge this gap of knowledge
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