Abstract
Dielectric nanocomposites with high energy storage density (Ue) have a strong attraction to high-pulse film energy-storage capacitors. Nevertheless, low breakdown strengths (Eb) and electric displacement difference (Dmax-Drem) values of nanocomposites with incorporating the randomly distributed high dielectric constant additions, give rise to low Ue, thereby hindering the development of energy-storage capacitors. In this study, we report on newly designed SrTiO3@SiO2 platelets/PVDF textured composites with excellent capacitive energy storage performance. SrTiO3@SiO2 platelets are well oriented in the PVDF when perpendicular to the electric field with the assistance of shear force in the flow drawing process to establish microscopic barriers in an inorganic–polymer composite that is able to substantially improve the Eb of composites and enhance the Ue accordingly. Finite element simulation demonstrates that the introduction of the highly insulating SiO2 coating onto the SrTiO3 platelets effectively alleviates the interface dielectric mismatch between filler and PVDF matrix, resulting in a reduction in the interface electric field distortion. The obtained composite film with optimized paraelectric SrTiO3@SiO2 platelets (1 vol%) exhibited a maximum Dmax-Drem value of 9.14 μC cm−2 and a maximum Ue value of 14.4 J cm−3 at enhanced Eb of 402 MV m−1, which are significantly superior to neat PVDF and existing dielectric nanocomposites.
Highlights
Polymer-based electrostatic capacitors have been widely utilized in electrical pulsed systems due to their high power density (MW), fast discharge time, and long lifespan [1]
The composite film incorporated with 1 vol% ST@SiO2 platelets delivers a high Dmax-Drem of 9.14 μC cm−2 at a high Eb of 402 MV m−1, thereby achieving a maximum Ue of 14.4 J cm−3, which is ≈115% greater than that (6.7 J cm−3) of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) at Eb of 330 MV m−1 and represents the highest value ever reported for dielectric nanocomposites at respective breakdown strengths
We presented newly designed ST@SiO2 platelets and a PVDF composite, which was obtained through the full-fledged solution-casting method
Summary
Polymer-based electrostatic capacitors have been widely utilized in electrical pulsed systems due to their high power density (MW), fast discharge time (μs), and long lifespan [1]. The additive concentrations of high-εr inorganic nanofillers (i.e., >50 vol%) are inevitably introduced, causing limited Ue, poor polymer matrix flexibility and high energy loss This issue can be further addressed by designing filler–polymer interface structures and the effect of filler morphologies. It is more encouraging that well-oriented ST@SiO2 was achieved along a direction perpendicular to the electric field in the polymer matrix, which can substantially improve the Eb and Ue. As a result, concurrently enhanced capacitive performance is endowed in composite films containing optimized ST@SiO2 platelets. The composite film incorporated with 1 vol% ST@SiO2 platelets delivers a high Dmax-Drem of 9.14 μC cm−2 at a high Eb of 402 MV m−1, thereby achieving a maximum Ue of 14.4 J cm−3, which is ≈115% greater than that (6.7 J cm−3) of PVDF at Eb of 330 MV m−1 and represents the highest value ever reported for dielectric nanocomposites at respective breakdown strengths. This work provides a pathway to effectively enhance the energy storage capability of polymer composites by incorporating core–shell microscale 2D fillers
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