Abstract
We evaluated the antioxidant and neuroprotective potentials of extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx in Wistar albino male rats injected intraperitoneally with aluminium chloride at a dose of 7mg/kg/day. Phytochemical screening of H. sabdariffa calyx show that coumarin glycosides and steroid were absent after drying at 50oC. At 30oC, there were significant (p<0.05) highest amounts of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, and saponin. The extracts showed significantly (p<0.05) high dose-dependent antioxidant activities. MDA significantly (p<0.05) increased, while GSH, GPX, SOD, CAT activities significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the brain of the experimental rats induced with AlCl3, while treatment with the extracts reversed these effects to a relatively normal level. At doses of 500 and 1000mg/kg body weight, the extracts of the calyx dried at 30oC exhibited the highest capacity to increase the activities of GSH and GPx. Also, AlCl3 caused significant increases (p<0.05) in the percentage inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities, and a significantly (p<0.05) lower protein levels in the brain of the test rats, while treatment with the extracts, at low and high doses, significantly (p<0.05) reversed these effects in the rat brain to near normal.H. sabdariffa exhibited a good potential to protect against oxidative stress and neurotoxicity.
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