Heterosis and genetic parameters for grain quality in oat segregating populations

Solange Ferreira Da Silveira Silveira,Viviane Kopp Da Luz,Raíssa Martins Da Silva,Helaine Claire Ferreira De Almeida,Danyela De Cássia Da Silva Oliveira,Leomar Guilherme Woyann,Maraisa Crestani Hawerroth,Luciano Carlos Da Maia,Liamara Thurow,Antonio Costa De Oliveira,Luiz Carlos Gutkoski

doi:10.1590/0103-9016-2015-0129

Abstract

Improvement of quality-related traits of grains is a constant concern in white oat breeding programs, which challenges breeders to understand their dynamics. The performance of different genetic combinations must be thoroughly evaluated to make high nutritional quality cultivars available. This study aimed to estimate the heterosis on F1 and F2 generations, vigor loss, due to inbreeding, and correlation between the grain chemical components to understand the dynamics of these traits, considering two segregating oat progenies. The populations Albasul × UPF 15 (population 1) and IAC 7 × UFRGS 19 (population 2) were developed. Both populations showed transgressive segregant individuals. The combination Albasul × UPF 15 provided significant heterosis for traits β-glucan total and soluble fiber contents, while the population obtained by crossing IAC 7 × UFRGS 19 generated significant gain by heterosis for total fiber, insoluble fibers and non-structural carbohydrate contents. Considering the F2 average for each population, one can observe that population 1 presents higher β-glucan and lipid contents than population 2. On the other hand, population 2 has higher protein content than population 1. In both populations, the non-structural carbohydrate content is strongly and negatively correlated whith protein, total and insoluble fibers. Correlations between total fibers and lipids and between total fibers and insoluble fibers were both positive and high in both populations.

Highlights

Oats (Avena sativa L.) is considered an important cereal crop in many regions worldwide.Over 23.8 million metric tons of oat grains were produced worldwide in 2013 (FAO, 2015)
This study aimed to estimate the heterosis on F1 and F2 generations, vigor loss, due to inbreeding, and correlation between the grain chemical components to understand the dynamics of these traits, considering two segregating oat progenies
The combination Albasul × UPF 15 provided significant heterosis for traits β-glucan total and soluble fiber contents, while the population obtained by crossing IAC 7 × UFRGS 19 generated significant gain by heterosis for total fiber, insoluble fibers and non-structural carbohydrate contents

Summary

Introduction

Oats (Avena sativa L.) is considered an important cereal crop in many regions worldwide.Over 23.8 million metric tons of oat grains were produced worldwide in 2013 (FAO, 2015). Oats has high protein quality, antioxidant components, high lipid contents (especially unsaturated fatty acid) and high fiber rates (Biel et al, 2014; Crestani et al, 2012; Daou and Zhang, 2012; Marshall et al, 2013; Rasane et al, 2013). For human consumption, grains with low lipid contents, rich in protein and fiber are preferred, especially β-glucans, which are related to reduced levels of cholesterol and sugar in the blood, weight loss as well as cancer prevention (Bae et al, 2009; Daou and Zhang, 2012; Hooda et al, 2010; Lazaridou and Biliaderis, 2007; Peterson et al, 2005)

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