Heteropolysaccharides produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv pruni C24

Abstract

Xanthomonas species can produce a high-molecular weight polysaccharide called xanthan gum. This biopolymer is widely used in the modern food, cosmetics, and other industries. Therefore, the microorganisms that have the capability to produce this gum are extensively studied and reported in this chapter. The Xanthomonas campestris pv pruni is the causal agent of Prunus bacterial spots (PBS) and naturally infects all cultivated Prunus species. Many of them have been tested for their ability to synthesize polysaccharide in batch incubation. The biopolymers obtained have been analyzed for their productivity and chemical composition. The chapter also discusses the process of heteropolysaccharides which are produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv pruni C24 are obtained in two different fermentation media—PMII and PMI+II. Both media contain sucrose as the carbon source and salts. The type of monosaccharide and derivatives present in the biopolymers obtained at different incubation times are detected with thin layer chromatography. The chromatographic analysis reveals the presence of glucose, rhamnose, and glucuronic acid in polymers produced after 72 hours of fermentation. In polymers obtained at 96 hours, mannose was also detected. The PMI+II medium shows higher productivity than PM II, but the viscosity was higher in polymers produced in the PM II medium. The incubation time also has an influence on productivity and viscosity. This also introduce Bacteria which belongs to the genus Xanthomonas are plant-associated bacteria, with the exception of X maltophilia. It also explain the infection caused by these bacteria occurs on at least 124 monocotyledonous plants, comprising 70 genera, and 268 dicotyledonous plants species, totalling more than 170 genera.