Abstract
Grain refinement of casting Cu–10Sn–2Zn–(1–3)Fe–0.5Co (wt%) alloys were characterized under the heterogeneous nucleation effect of in situ iron-rich nanoparticles. Grain size of the alloys decreases sharply with an increase of Fe content (Fe≤1.5wt%), but levels off with a further increase of Fe content (Fe>1.5wt%). The heterogeneous nucleation effect is correlated with wettability, spatial distribution and size distribution of the nanoparticles and limited by recalescence of the melt. This work offers a potential pathway for fabricating bulk nanostructured alloys to realize excellent properties by investigating the heterogeneous nucleation effect of in situ precipitation nanoparticles.
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