Herpes zoster virus sclerokeratitis and anterior uveitis in a child following varicella vaccination

Abstract

PurposeTo report a case of herpes zoster virus sclerokeratitis with anterior uveitis following vaccination with live attenuated varicella vaccine (Oka strain). DesignCase report. MethodsThe case records of the patient were reviewed retrospectively. Pertinent literature citations were identified using MEDLINE. ResultsA 9-year-old boy presented with herpes zoster ophthalmicus 3 years following vaccination with live attenuated varicella vaccine (Oka strain). Examination of the affected eye revealed a moderate follicular response on the palpebral conjunctiva, decreased corneal sensation, mildly elevated intraocular pressure, diffuse anterior scleritis with marginal keratitis, and a moderately severe anterior uveitis. Amplified DNA from fluid taken from the base of a cutaneous vesicle produced wild-type varicella zoster virus (VZV) DNA, not Oka strain. ConclusionsHerpes zoster virus infection needs to be considered in all patients who present with scleritis, keratitis, or anterior uveitis, regardless of their varicella vaccination status.