Hepatocyte Growth Factor

Abstract

Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) is a gene primarily involved in the regulation of cell growth, motility and morphogenesis. Specifically, this growth factor acts upon cells of both epithelial and endothelial origin, in addition to haemopoietic stem cells. Typically, its function is achieved through a mechanism in which HGF binds to its corresponding membrane receptor, c-Met or MET, thus triggering the activation of Tyrosine Kinase signalling cascade. This cascade is collectively known as the process of “invasive growth” and gives rise to a sequence of biological responses essential to carry out its function. These responses facilitate cell growth and proliferation, which are essential for embryonic development and wound healing. In addition; the stimulatory effects of HGF on the processes of mitogenesis, cell motility and matrix invasion provide the cytokine with an imperative role in angiogenesis. HGF exerts a marked effect in cell growth, motility and morphogenesis. It demonstrates regulation of angiogenesis through the stimulation of mitogenesis, cell motility and matrix invasion. The presence of angiogenesis in tumour formation, growth and metastasis provide malignant tissue with sufficient nutrient supply to maintain its function.