Abstract
Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma which takes about 85% of primary liver cancer, is the most aggressive and prognostically unfavorable tumor. Current information about the level of apoptosis and cell proliferative activity of HCC are contradictory. Objective. To determine the apoptotic and proliferative activity of hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver by the immunohistochemically level of p53, caspase-3 and Ki-67 expression. Methods. Trephine biopsies of 53 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were studied. Results. It was found that in 62.26% of cases the hyperexpression of nuclear p53 protein in cells was detected, in 20.75% of cases - a high level of expression of this protein, and in 16.98% of cases - a low level of p53 expression. The average area of p53-immunopositive cells was 52,07±33,97%. Simultaneously, in 47.16% of hepatocellular carcinoma it was detected a weak level of cytoplasmic expression of caspase-3, in 26.42% of the patients moderate level of expression of caspase-3 by hepatocellular carcinoma cells was determined, pronounced expression of caspase-3 was detected in hepatocellular carcinoma cells 26, 42%. Caspase-3-immunopositive cells occupied 48,21±27,66% of the total area of hepatocellular carcinoma. It is established that in the hepatocellular carcinoma prevailed moderate level of expression of Ki-67, which was observed in 66.04% of patients, in 22.64% it was high and in 11.32% of cases – it was low. Immupositive Ki-67 cells occupied 53,39±23,25% of the total area of the tumor. Conclusion. Hyperexpression of nuclear p53 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma was associated with weak and low level of apoptosis of tumor cells and moderate level of their proliferation.
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