Abstract
Hepatitis A is the most common viral-caused liver disease, whose incidence is associated with hygienic factors. Its age-dependent clinical appearance is heterogeneous varying between normal, prolonged, relapsing and fulminant. Chronic infections are not described, and elimination of the noncytopathogenic hepatitis A virus (HAV) is mediated mainly by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The slow adaptive immune responses against HAV, which spreads fecal-orally, significantly deviate from the average course during viral infections. HAV exhibits several unique properties and mechanisms of its interaction with the host. To evade innate cellular antiviral defense mechanisms, HAV inhibits the induction of both interferon synthesis and apoptosis. There is no specific treatment, but vaccines are available.
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