Hepatic Proteomic Analysis Reveals That Enhanced Carboxylic Acid Metabolism and Oxidoreduction Promote Muscle and Fat Deposition in Muscovy Duck.

Wanli Yang,Xingyong Chen,Zhaoyu Geng,Congcong Wei,Zhengquan Liu,Yutong Zhao

doi:10.3390/ani11082180

Abstract

Simple SummaryLiver plays an important role in lipid synthesis and muscle growth in poultry. The current study measured the growth traits and the proteome of Muscovy duck liver at 14, 28, 42, and 56 days, aiming at exploring the key regulatory proteins for intramuscular fat deposition and muscle growth. The results showed that Muscovy duck grew most rapidly at 28 vs. 42 days of age, subcutaneous and abdominal fat were deposited rapidly, but intramuscular fat content decreased. At the same time, the abundance of liver proteins regarding the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidoreduction increased significantly. This study provides a profile of the fat deposition and liver proteome for Muscovy duck.Liver is responsible for 90% of lipid synthesis in poultry; thus, it plays an important role in the growth of Muscovy ducks, which have a high fat deposition ability in a time-dependent manner. Therefore, male Muscovy ducks at 14, 28, 42, and 56 days were selected for body weight (BW), carcass weight (CW), subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT), abdominal fat weight (AFW), intramuscular fat content (IMF), and breast muscle fiber (BMF) diameter and density determination. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) combining liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze proteomic changes in liver at each stage. The BW, CW, AFW, SFT, and BMF diameter and density were significantly increased, while IMF content was significantly decreased at 28 to 42 days of age (p < 0.05). There were 57 differentially abundant protein (DEP) spots representing 40 proteins identified among the ages, in which 17, 41 and 4 spots were differentially abundant at 14 vs. 28, 28 vs. 42, and 42 vs. 56, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis found that DEPs were mostly enriched in the oxidation-reduction process, carboxylic acid metabolism, etc. Protein–protein interaction showed that catalase (CAT), triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), and protein disulfide-isomerase (PDI) were the key proteins responsible for the growth of Muscovy duck. In conclusion, 28 to 42 days of age is the crucial period for Muscovy ducks, and the ability of metabolism and antioxidants were significantly enhanced in liver.

Highlights

In the breeding of meat poultry, people are more enthusiastic about the fast-growing and high intramuscular fat, but less about abdominal and subcutaneous fat
This study aims to explore the characteristics of fat and muscle growth in Muscovy ducks and the metabolism changes in liver
The intramuscular fat (IMF) content was not measured at 14 day of age because of the low meat production of Muscovy duck

Summary

Introduction

In the breeding of meat poultry, people are more enthusiastic about the fast-growing and high intramuscular fat, but less about abdominal and subcutaneous fat. Higher intramuscular fat (IMF) is always associated with better taste [1], and less abdominal and subcutaneous fat can reduce feed consumption, shorten the feeding cycle, and improve feed conversion efficiency [2]. Being different from fast-growing meat duck, Muscovy duck shows a slower growth rate and fat deposition before 6 weeks of age, while a higher body weight after 10 weeks of age [1,3]. The slower growth rate leads to a late marketing age of Muscovy duck [5]. How to improve the early growth rate is crucial for Muscovy duck breeding

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