Abstract
Hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) contain large amounts of nutrients, e.g. protein, dietary fiber, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids, which make them a good fortifying component in food production. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of hemp addition on the physicochemical properties, cooking quality, texture parameters and sensory properties of durum wheat pasta. The samples were fortified with 5–40% of commercially available hemp flour or 2.5–10% of hemp cake obtained from hemp seed oil pressing. Our study showed that the addition of hemp seed raw materials led to an increase in the protein, total dietary fiber (TDF), ash and fat content in the pasta samples. Due to its lower granulation and higher nutritional value, hemp flour was found to be a better raw material for the fortification of pasta than hemp cake. Pasta enriched with hemp flour at the level of 30–40% contains 19.53–28.87% d.m. of protein and 17.02–21.49% d.m. of TDF and according to the EU, a definition can be described as a high-protein and high-fiber products. All enriched pasta samples were also characterized by safe Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) content, and their sensory properties were accepted by consumers.
Highlights
In recent years, increasing interest in vegan and vegetarian diets has been observed
The raw materials used in the study included durum semolina produced by Julia Malom (Kunszallas, Hungary), commercially available defatted hemp flour (BioPlanet, Leszno, Poland), and hemp cake prepared from seed by Galeria Konopi (Zabrze, Poland) and obtained after cold press extraction of hemp oil
The results indicate that neither the raw materials used in the model nor their quantity affected the springiness values of the products in relation to the control sample made from durum semolina (CON) sample
Summary
In recent years, increasing interest in vegan and vegetarian diets has been observed. A problem in this type of diets is to provide the appropriate amount of protein. One of the high-protein raw materials, which is increasingly becoming part of a healthy balanced human diet is hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) [1]. Interest in this plant has been growing since 1996 when varieties with THC (Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) content below 0.3% were approved for cultivation in EU countries. This limit is reduced to 0.2% [2]
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