Hemostasis disorder as a cause of periodontitis in type II diabetic patients

Abstract

Relevance. In type II diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia contributes to the endothelial dysfunction. It leads to hypercoagulation and significant microcirculation disorders, which cause periodontal tissue ischemia and inflammation. The study aimed to determine hemostatic parameters of endothelial dysfunction and evaluate its role in the origin of periodontitis in type II diabetic patients.Materials and methods. We examined 40 people aged 50-80 years with compensated type II diabetes mellitus and chronic generalized periodontitis of various severity during planned hospital admission. The control group consisted of 26 practically healthy people of comparable age and sex. We assessed blood on patient admission to the hospital.Results. Type II diabetic patients with chronic generalized periodontitis demonstrated pronounced changes in endothelial function. Compared to the controls, the patients with moderate-severe periodontitis exhibited a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase of D-dimer (10.5 times), factor XIIa (8.4 times), and von Willebrand factor (2 times) in the blood serum; the increase of fibrinogen by 64.8%, the elevation of INR and antiplasmin by 19.7% and 12.7% respectively, the decrease of antithrombin by 17%.Conclusion. The study confirms that type II diabetic patients show pronounced endothelial dysfunction. The detected changes in the coagulation system correlate with the severity of periodontitis.