Abstract
Hemoptysis is defined as the spitting of blood derived from bronchial tubes. Proper treatment requires etiology identification and location. The first imaging test is chest radiography; according clinical suspicion, other diagnostic tests can be useful (computed tomography, multidetector CT angiography – MD-CTA– or bronchoscopy). Treatment goals are: bleeding cessation, aspiration prevention, and treatment of the underlying cause. Severity assessment is key in the deciding management typology: outpatient or hospitalization basis. Bronchoscopy allows both bleeding control and airway maintenance capabilities. According with MD-CTA results regarding origin of the bleeding (bronchial artery, arteriovenous malformations or pathological) artery embolization is indicated. Nowadays, surgery is exceptional, only indicated when the underlying cause treatment requires it.
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