Abstract
Summary and ConclusionsThese experiments show that KCN combines only with the trivalent form of hemoglobin. Since it does not combine with the bivalent form, the presence of CN- in the blood system of animals poisoned by CN- is not the factor which produces death; its lethal effect is rather due to its action on the oxidizing enzymes in the tissues.Two substances have been used as antidotes for cyanide poisoning, methylene blue and NaNO2 The action of these two substances is different and can now be clarified as follows: In the case of NaNO2, methemoglobin is formed in the blood stream, cyanide combines readily with this trivalent form and is taken out of the system as the blood circulates forming cyanmethemoglobin. This of course inactivates a certain percentage of hemoglobin, but the enzymes of the tissues are freed and are again able to function.In the case of methylene blue, no appreciable concentrations of methemoglobin are produced in the blood stream as the oxidation-reduction potentials of the com...
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