Hemodynamic changes in late advanced pregnant Zaraibi goats during the peripartum period

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the blood flow velocities, blood flow rate (BFR; bpm) with the accurate ratio of both systolic and diastolic velocities points (S/D) in addition to Doppler indices (resistive and pulsatility index [RI and PI]) in both fetal [fetal heart (FH), fetal abdominal aorta (Ab. A), and umbilical artery (UM.A)] and maternal [Middle uterine artery (MU.A)] sides during the last month of gestation. Ten Zaraibi (Egyptian Nubian) goats weighing 40-50kg and aged from 5–7 years were examined twice per month till reached the last month of pregnancy. Then all females were examined every 5 days starting from day -35 till day -1 before kidding.The pregnant goats were examined by ultrasonic and Doppler indices were recorded with Doppler scanning (7.5 -12 MHz, with colored and spectral graph to form the perfect wave to assess Doppler measurements). The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results indicated that on the fetal side; the maximum point of velocity (MSV; cm/sec) in the FH and BFRwere elevated from day -35 till day -10 with a slight decline at days -5 and -1 at the peripartum period (P < 0.05), while FH.PI and S/D ratio declined till day -1(P < 0.05). In addition, the fetal Ab. A, and UM.A PI, RI, and S/D ratio declined from day -35 till day -1 at the peripartum period with a significant increase in the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and BFR(P < 0.05). However, non-significant changes in the end diastolic velocity (EDV) were detected. On the maternal side, the MU.A PI and S/D declined from day -35 till day -1 with an elevation of both PSV and BFRat the same time points (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the Doppler evaluation of fetal and maternal blood flow vessels is important to give complete information that directly affects the health status of the mother and fetus.