Hematological toxic effect and the frequency of micronucleus formation of different doses of cyproheptadine on albino male mice blood picture

Abstract

Background: Synthetic drugs are created using chemicals rather than natural ingredients. One reason that synthetic drugs are extremely dangerous is that buyers do not know what chemicals they are ingesting. Histamine in the body can produce symptoms of sneezing, itching, watery eyes, and runny nose. Cyproheptadine (periactin) an antihistamine is used to treat all these symptoms of allergies by reduces the natural chemical histamine, but it has different side effects which include: confusion, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior, and seizure (convulsions). Objective: The aim of this study is to prove the scope of danger from cyproheptadine abuse on lymphocyte cells of male mice treated with child dose, maximum dose, and adult dose that may affect blood picture and their cytotoxic effect by determination of micronucleus (MN) formation in the cells of mice bone marrow. Materials and Methods: In the current study, a method was used for determination of total and absolute counts of white blood cells and find the frequency of MN formation in three groups of albino male mice treated with three equivalent doses of cyproheptadine: child dose, adult dose, and maximum adult dose (0.065, 0.092, and 0.12 mg/kg) respectively. Results: The study showed that cyproheptadine decreases total leukocyte count in adult and child dose in comparison to mice blank group that had not get the drug; also, the frequency of MN increases significantly after treated mice with cyproheptadine drug in comparison with negative control. Conclusion: More studies are necessary to elucidate the relationship between cytotoxic, genotoxic, and apoptotic effects and to make a possible risk assessment in patients receiving therapy with this drug.