Hematologic aspects in chronic kidney disease (CDK) in dogs.

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction: Dogs with progressive chronic renal failure register hematological alteration of different intensities reflected on the complete blood count parameters. Dogs with CKD typically present normochromic, normocytic, hypo/aregenerative anemia, induced by conjunctive substitution phenomenon in renal parenchyma level with reduced erythropoietin secretion in this level(1). Aims: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in hematological parameters on a number of 12 dogs with CKD. Additional, leucocyte series components were evaluated. Materials and methods: This study correlated hematological parameters (red blood cells and white blood cells) with parameters that reveal and characterize the level of renal functional alteration in CKD (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, sodium and potassium) with dynamic evaluation. Results: In 10 out of 12 individuals, an alteration in hematological profile elements by decreased levels (hypochrome anemia) with hematocrit values that varied between 15.2% and 33.5% and a decrease in hemoglobin levels between 6.4 and 11.7 g/dl. Platelets number was near the upper limit and in severe cases, in 2 dogs (16.66%) were over 682 K/µL. White blood cells series registered inconstant and uncharacteristic modifications correlated mainly with etiopathogenetic inductor context such as lymphopenia in 4 dogs (33.33%) varying from 24.58 and 39.6 K/µL, granulocytes increased levels in 3 out of 12 dogs (25%) varying between 14.7 – 16.2 K/µL and an increase in lymphocytes over monocytes ratio in 4 out of 12 dogs (33.33%) with values between 14.2 – 23.4*10⁹/L. Conclusions: Complete blood count in CKD provides useful information about the progress of the disease as well as anemia type appreciation offering additional information for therapeutic protocol adjustment for amending induced hematological consequences.