Helminthiases of wild and domestic pigs of the Trans-Baikal Territory and measures to control them

Abstract

The paper presents the results of coprological studies and complete helminthological autopsies (2015–2019) to identify sources of infection in pigs, parasites of the Nematoda class, Ascaris suum, Oesophagostomum dentatum, Trichocephalus suis, Strongyloides ransomi . A complex drug based on a chemotherapeutic agent (fenbendazole) and medicinal herbs (common wormwood and St. John's wort) was developed, which has a pronounced anthelmintic effect against nematodes and a symptomatic effect on concomitant diseases of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. At the first stage, the study of the effectiveness of the developed preparation was carried out on domestic pigs. The use of the developed agent on two-month-old piglets allows to free the body from worms completely. In four-month-old piglets, it has a 100% detrimental effect on strongyloid, esophagostoma and trichocephalus, 80% – on ascarids. It was noted that with ascariasis, the intensity of the developed agent is 16% higher than that of Ivermec. Both drugs had the same 100% internal efficacy against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis in terms of the percentage of isolated helminths, eggs or larvae in relation to their number before the application of the anthelmintic. The external efficacy of both drugs in terms of the percentage of animals completely freed from helminths after treatment was 80% against ascariasis, and 100% against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis. The therapeutic efficacy of the developed medical and prophylactic agent against helminthiasis of wild pigs was studied on the territory of the hunting farm of the Trans-Baikal Territory. A decrease in the infection of wild pigs due to the use of the drug was recorded: internal efficacy against ascariasis was 50–66%, against strongyloidosis, esophagostomosis and trichocephalosis 100%. External efficacy was 80%, indicating a 20% reduction of disease rate in wild pigs. The agent for the prevention and treatment of pig helminthiases allows to reduce the morbidity of animals and ensure the production of products that are safe in veterinary and sanitary terms.