Helicobacter Pylori: Beyond The Gut - Insights Into Its Association With Dermatological Conditions

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with gastrointestinal diseases and extra-gastrointestinal manifestations, including dermatological conditions. Understanding the precise mechanisms and clinical implications of the H. pylori skin disorder association is essential. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a private dermatology center in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, from January 2021 to August 2023. Patients coming with various dermatological conditions and with suspected H. pylori infection underwent clinical examination, laboratory tests, and skin biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of disease. The statistical analysis assessed associations between demographics, dermatological conditions, and H. pylori antibody test results. Laboratory Investigation: H. pylori antibody levels were measured using serology by doing H.pylori IgG antibody level testing and cut-off values of >0.90 were considered positive. Statistical Analysis: Data entry and analysis involved Microsoft Excel 360, calculating proportions, and percentages, and drawing appropriate inferences. Results: Of 1131 enrolled patients (male-female ratio 1:1.43), 22% tested positive for H. pylori, with higher positivity rates in patients aged >60 years and 40-60 years. Analysis revealed varying proportions of H. pylori positivity across dermatological conditions, with alopecia areata and chronic urticaria showing the highest rates. Conclusions: While studies suggest H. pylori’s involvement in dermatological diseases, further research is needed to understand this relationship fully. Systematic investigations into the impact of eradication therapy are essential to inform clinical management strategies and guide future research directions.