Abstract
The consumption of water nowadays is increasing and the wastewater from variety of industry and domestic are increasing as well. If this wastewater is being untreated, it will be wasted and the chemicals inside the water especially heavy metal are harmful to the living organism. There are few conventional method used to treat the wastewater but most of them are costly, hence, natural coagulant is introduced in this study. One of the multipurpose tree Moringa oleifera, (MO) which is environmental friendly and low cost become a choice for removal of heavy metal from wastewater. The Moringa oleifera press cake (MOPC) are able to remove the heavy metal but the removal efficiency for different metals need to be investigated. Therefore, experiment on heavy metal removal by Moringa oleifera press cake was conducted. The wastewater samples and MOPC were collected from Balok River, Kuantan and Mitomasa Sdn. Bhd, Kuala Lumpur respectively. MOPC was immersed in distilled water to remove the oil and different concentration of MOPC solution were made. Jar test were carried out with different concentration of MOPC solution. The initial and final heavy metal (Fe, Cu, and Cr) concentration were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer and the removal percentage was calculated. The MOPC removed 69.99% Fe, 88.86 % Cu and 93.73% Cr at optimum concentration of 10000 ppm, 5000 ppm and 15000 ppm, respectively. The MOPC also reduced 34.94% of COD and 81.6 % of turbidity. However, BOD of wastewater increased from 9.0 ppm to 18.3 ppm. The pH values was not changed with the addition of MOPC. The removal of heavy metal was increased proportionally with MOPC concentration until optimum removal was obtained.
Highlights
Water is very important and essential for human to survive and for all the living organism
While the Moringa oleifera Press cake (MOPC) used in the experiment was obtained from MitoMasa Sdn
As the Moringa oleifera press cake (MOPC) concentration increases the heavy metal removal percentage was increased until the optimum concentration was used
Summary
Water is very important and essential for human to survive and for all the living organism. Large amount of wastewater containing contaminant such as suspended solid, pathogens, nutrients and heavy metals which may be harmful and dangerous are generated from the field of domestic and industrial agriculture. If they are kept untreated, safely disposed back to the sea or rivers, many pollution problems will be introduced (Paula et al, 2014). From World Health Organisation 2004, drinking water supplies around the world have been identified to have thousands of chemicals considered potentially hazardous to human health at relatively high concentrations (Vikashni et al, 2012). Pollution of water has received special attention as an environmental issue and causes shortage of water supply especially in the developing and third world countries which have inadequate financial resources (Ali et al, 2009)
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