Abstract
A new project, high intensity heavy ion accelerator facility (HIAF), is currently under design and construction in China. The HIAF front end, composed of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources, low energy beam transport (LEBT) and radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), will produce and provide beams of ions with a mass up to uranium at a beam energy of $0.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{u}$. The typical beam intensity is designed up to 2 emA for the uranium beam with a charge state of $35+$. This paper presents an overall design of the front end for HIAF and discusses several key issues in the design. By modeling the beam extraction from the ECR source, we got a reliable starting beam condition to perform the design. Transverse coupling of the beam from the source was elaborated. To relieve the coupling we implanted two solenoids after the source. Space charge effect in the charge state selection of the ion source was evaluated. An overall space charge compensation degree of no less than 70% was predicted. A beam dynamics simulation was performed by using the initial particle distribution obtained from the extraction modeling. The simulation resulted in development of a beam collimation system in the LEBT to confine the transverse emittance. The RFQ design will follow the development of LEAF-RFQ at Institute of Modern Physics, which has successfully commissioned with several beams and demonstrated as an excellent design. Recent beam commissioning results of LEAF-RFQ will also be presented in this paper.
Highlights
The heavy ion accelerator facility (HIAF) project [1,2] consists of ion sources, linear accelerator, synchrotrons and several experimental terminals
The third mode is called parallel mode, meaning ion linac accelerator (iLinac) would accelerate two beams simultaneously with one beam extracted to the experimental terminal of iLinac, and the other injected to booster ring (BRing)
The second part is focused on the beam transmission in the low energy beam transport (LEBT), and the third part is about the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) design and beam commissioning
Summary
The superconducting ion linac accelerator (iLinac) is designed to accelerate ions with the charge-mass ratio Q=A 1⁄4 1=6.8 (e.g., 238U35þ) to the energy of 17 MeV=u. Since BRing requires pulsed beam with frequency from 0.3 to 5 Hz and pulse width from 0.2 to 2 ms, iLinac would operate with pulsed mode. In this mode, the ECR source could work at afterglow mode to produce much higher peak currents, such as 2 emA 209Bi31þ and 2 emA 238U35þ. The third mode is called parallel mode, meaning iLinac would accelerate two beams simultaneously with one beam extracted to the experimental terminal of iLinac, and the other injected to BRing. The second part is focused on the beam transmission in the LEBT, and the third part is about the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) design and beam commissioning
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