Abstract
The characterization of sintered valve seat inserts (VSIs) after being subjected to different heat treatment operations has been carried out. The VSIs were obtained from three different alloys by mixing iron powder with AISI M3:2, AISI M2 high-speed steels, and AISI D2 tool steel. After sintering, the VSI were quenched in air followed by double tempering at seven different temperatures. The cooling rate during air quenching was measured by means of a thermocouple type k attached to a data acquisition system. The characterization of the mechanical and physical properties of the VSIs was achieved by measuring relative density, apparent hardness and crush radial strength. The resulting microstructures for the sintered parts were interpreted using the isothermal and continuous cooling transformation diagrams for similar alloys. The VSI obtained with AISI M3:2 and AISI M2 high-speed steels after air quenching and double tempering at 600 oC showed the best results in terms of apparent hardness and crush radial strength.
Highlights
Automobile engines have undergone substantial changes, which have resulted in increased performance, reduced fuel consumption and positive environmental impact[1]
According to Totten[32] such consideration can be made, as he stated: “When comparing the curves for the start of transformation in C.C.T. and I.T diagrams for the same heat and steel grade, we found that in the C.C.T. diagram the curves are slightly shifted to longer times and lower temperatures”
The heat treatments proved to be efficient according to the variations in physical and mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of the components
Summary
Automobile engines have undergone substantial changes, which have resulted in increased performance, reduced fuel consumption and positive environmental impact[1]. Fujitsuka et al.[3] and Sakai[4] proposed new components to substitute such elements All these authors aimed to reduce the cost of the component (because cobalt was expensive at that time) and remove highly toxic lead. This led, Santos et al.[5] to propose the use of two other steel powders, AISI M2 HSS and AISI D2 tool steel. Dalal et al.[6] and Kano et al.[7] proposed the use of copper alloys for the production of VSI Such developments consider the use of materials with low density, high thermal conductivity, consistent mechanical and physical properties, and cost of materials[8]
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