Heat transfer efficiency in planar and axisymmetric ternary hybrid nanofluid flows

Abstract

Ternary hybrid nanofluids have been the focus of many recent studies due to their potential for improving the thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of the fluid. This study investigates the thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of ternary hybrid nanofluids consisting of silica, cadmium selenide quantum dots, and copper, immersed in ethanol for Hiemenz and Homann flows induced normal to the oncoming stagnation point flow. The flow is induced over an infinite plate in a porous medium, and is moving (at a constant velocity) towards/receding from normal stagnation point flow. The flow is driven due to porosity, magnetic effects, and Reynolds number, (where Reynolds number is proportional to the constant velocity of the moving plate). Moreover, Hiemenz's planar and Homann's axisymmetric flows normal to the stagnation point are considered. Heat transfer analysis is carried out by using Cattaneo-Christov theory with the effects of Ohmic heating, Roseland radiation (non-linear), and heat source/sink. The solutions are obtained through bvp4c routine in MATLAB. The numerical and asymptotic solutions are computed for the wall shear stress parameter. It is observed that the energy transport is augmented due to increment in the nanoparticle's concentration of Cadmium selenide quantum dots, however, velocity declines due to changes in drag force. An increase in Reynolds number generates more intense fluctuations in velocity near the wall, resulting in higher momentum transfer and amplified wall shear stress for Hiemenz and Homann flows.