Abstract
Abstract The maximum possible specific heating load that can be obtained from two-heat-reservoir heat pumps with a set of high-temperature heat sinks and low-temperature heat sources is analyzed. The heat pumps considered in this paper include (1) externally and internally reversible, (2) externally irreversible and internally reversible, (3) externally reversible and internally irreversible and (4) externally and internally irreversible heat pumps. The irreversibilities are assumed to be caused by heat transfer only. The specific heating load, defined as the heating load per unit total heat exchanger surface area, is adopted as the objective function for the heat pump performance analysis in this paper.
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