Abstract
The composition of dry mix on the basis of two-component cementing agent (aluminous cement and clay of the “Kustikha” field), mineral additives (a metakaolin, the RSAM sulfoaluminate modifier, waste of basalt fiber), Ufapore foamer and the accelerating and plasticizing “Citrate-T” additive is developed. When mixing “Citrate-T” additive with water at Water/Solid = 0.45–0.70, the subsequent mechanical binder and hardening of a foam mass heat-resistant foam concretes with a density of 300–650 kg/m3 are formed (depending on Water/Solid value). Foam concretes have strength on compression of 0.2–2.5 MPa before warming up when their initial strength depends on processes of hydration curing of aluminous cement that provides fixation of their porous structure. After annealing at 1000 °C foam concretes have final strength of 0.3–3.2 MPa due to processes of solid-phase agglomeration of clay with other components of dry mix at their heating. Foam concretes after annealing unlike foam concretes on the basis of a Portland cement and aluminous cement have big strength. Introduction of the accelerating and plasticizing “Citrate-T” additive into composition of the dry mix leads to an increase of rheological properties in expanded foam mass and time reduction of its drying and curing. It has been established that an essential role is played by the relation Water/Solid: at increase in the relation Water/Solid (with 0.45 to 0.70) occurs increase in volume of foam mass after a mechanical binder, and also heterogeneity of pores and their sizes increases that leads to reduction of density of foam concretes and strength on compression.
Highlights
Foam concretes have strength on compression of 0.2–2.5 MPa before warming up when their initial strength depends on processes of hydration curing of aluminous cement that provides fixation of their porous structure
Introduction of the accelerating and plasticizing “Citrate-T” additive into composition of the dry mix leads to an increase of rheological properties in expanded foam mass and time reduction of its drying and curing
It has been established that an essential role is played by the relation Water/Solid: at increase in the relation Water/Solid occurs increase in volume of foam mass after a mechanical binder, and heterogeneity of pores and their sizes increases that leads to reduction of density of foam concretes and strength on compression
Summary
Разработан состав сухой смеси на основе двухкомпонентного вяжущего (глиноземистого цемента и глины месторождения «Кустиха»), минеральных добавок (метакаолин, сульфоалюминатный модификатор РСАМ, отходы базальтового волокна), пенообразователя Ufapore и ускоряющей и пластифицирующей добавки «Цитрат-Т», при затворении которой водой при водотвердом отношении 0,45–0,70, последующем механическом вспучивании и отверждении пеномассы формируются жаростойкие пенобетоны плотностью 300–650 кг/м3 (в зависимости от водотвердого отношения) и прочностью на сжатие 0,2–2,5 МПа до прогрева. Aluminous and high-aluminous cements widely use at production modern the furring of fireresistant compositions [1, 2]. These cements are distinguished by a combination of the properties necessary for production of heat-resistant cellular materials: the high initial speed of curing promoting obtaining qualitative porous structure, fire resistance and high durability. Use of aluminous cements in compositions of cellular concrete which are made on foamy technology is accompanied by a number of problems: aluminous cements considerably reduce stability of foam in the course of receiving foam-concrete mix, concrete on aluminous cements are characterized by considerable decrease in strength in the range of working temperatures of the majority of industrial furnaces [2]
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