Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the health vulnerabilities of transgender sex workers. Method: an integrative review conducted in July 2020 in the PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, IBECS and LILACS databases, with no language or time restrictions. The following descriptors indexed in DeCS and MESH and their respective synonyms were used: “Transgender persons”, “Sex workers” and “Health vulnerability”. The data were analyzed based on thematic analysis. Results: a total of 547 articles were retrieved and, after the selection and analysis process, 34 were included in this review. Four thematic classes emerged: “Knowledge, prevention and exposure to STIs in sex work”; “Use (and abuse) of illegal substances and alcohol”; “The social and structural dimension of vulnerabilities: from weakened support networks to violence reproduced against dissident bodies”; and “Psychosocial diseases, discrimination and challenges of transgender sex workers”. Conclusion: the health vulnerabilities experienced by transgender sex workers are marked by discrimination, social exclusion, stigma, incarceration contexts, physical, psychological and sexual violence and use of illegal substances and alcohol, in addition to difficulties in accessing essential services such as health, education and leisure.
Highlights
Health vulnerability analyses emerged in the North American context in the early 1990s, in studies on the political responses to the epidemic caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)[1]
The objective was to identify the health vulnerabilities experienced by transgender sex workers
The following guiding question was generated: what are the health vulnerabilities experienced by transgender sex workers?
Summary
Health vulnerability analyses emerged in the North American context in the early 1990s, in studies on the political responses to the epidemic caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)[1]. This perspective was opposed to the epidemiological analyses of the HIV/AIDS epidemic that focused on the risk factors and risk groups[2]. Vulnerability analyses were initiated from an understanding of the totality and complexity that considered the individuals, contextualizing them based on their social relationships and their relations with the State[3,4]. It is understood that vulnerability analyses are powerful analytical tools for understanding the case of certain social groups, such as that of transgender people1⁕
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