Health vigilance concerning female urinary tract infections: Epidemiological profile and antibiotic resistance

Soumaia Farih,Benhamza Noussaiba,Abderrazak Saddari,Loubna Yacoubi,Elmostapha Benaissa,Adil Maleb,Yassine Ben Lahlou,Adnane Araab,Mostafa Elouennass,S Bourekkadi,A Soulaymani,A Mokhtari,K Slimani,H Hami

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202131901009

Abstract

The objectives of our work were to establish the epidemiological and bacteriological profile of female urinary tract infection at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda (Morocco), and then to study the drug resistance of the bacterial strains isolated. This is a retrospective study over 36 months including urine samples from patients hospitalized or consulting at the CHU Mohamed VI of Oujda (Morocco). Urines were processed according to the recommendations of the Medical Microbiology Reference (REMIC) and the EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing). We collected 12556 requests for CBEU from different departments. At the top of the list was the emergency department with a rate of 37% (n= 4666) followed by outpatient clinics (33.1%; n=4226). 5% (n=630) of the CBEU were positive. Escherichia coli (E. coli ) dominated the epidemiological profile with a rate of 72.50% (n=482). E. coli was resistant to penicillins in 69.50% (n=299) of cases, protected penicillins in 34.80% (n=149), third generation cephalosporins (C3G) in 9% (n=38), fluoroquinolones in 17.5% (n=73), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in 46% (n=196) of cases and gentamicin in 12% (n=51) of cases. None of the strains were resistant to carbapenems. Awareness-raising on the proper use of antibiotics, issuing national recommendations for the treatment of urinary tract infections in order to standardize therapeutic regimens. Effective control of these infections requires a global prevention strategy that implies close collaboration between epidemiologists, clinicians, bacteriologists, hygienists and the health care team.

Highlights

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common community-acquired infections, and is the second most common site of bacterial infection after the respiratory tract in both adults and children
E. coli (n=493; 69.6%) was the main germ isolated during our study in terms of colonization, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (n=102; 14.3%).Concerning urinary tract infections, the age distribution found two populations: a pediatric population with a majority of 34% (n=226) and a senile population with a peak of 13.8% (n=92) between 56-65 years
[6] Another study conducted at the HMIMV of Rabat, over a period of 6 months in the extra-hospital environment in 5 laboratories showed a female predominance of Escherichia coli (E coli) UTIs of 69.3% against 21.4% in men

Summary

Introduction

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common community-acquired infections, and is the second most common site of bacterial infection after the respiratory tract in both adults and children. It is the leading cause of healthcare-associated infections. Urinary tract infection corresponds to the aggression of a tissue of the urinary tract by one or more germs, generating an inflammatory response and clinical symptoms of variable nature and intensity depending on the terrain and the existence or not of a functional anomaly of the urinary tract, which can lead to serious clinical pictures. [1] It is pathology of variable severity that requires rapid and effective management. The main objectives of our study are to establish the epidemiological and bacteriological profile of female urinary tract infection at the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda (Morocco)and to study drug resistance of bacterial strains isolated

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