Abstract
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of <em>Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) </em>in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The antidiabetic activity of <em>H. pluvialis </em>was investigated by the determination of glucose and insulin levels, aspartate (AST), alanine transaminases (ALT), lipid profile including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Histopathological examination of pancreas and liver were also carried out.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that the levels of glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C as well as AST and ALT enzyme activities were increased significantly in diabetic rats. While, insulin and HDL-C levels decreased significantly in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The remediation of diabetic rats with <em>H. pluvialis</em> attenuated the elevated levels of glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C as well as AST and ALT activities in diabetic rats. Besides, it improved insulin, HDL-C levels, pancreas and hepatic architectures.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><em>H. pluvialis</em> extract has a promising antidiabetic potency through attenuation of several metabolic disorders associated diabetes.<strong></strong></p>
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disorder that is categorised into two large types; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [1]
Insignificant difference in blood glucose and insulin levels was recorded between untreated normal control and treated one with H. pluvialis extract
While a significant increase in glucose level was recorded in diabetic rats with percentage 218.35%, compared to normal control rats
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disorder that is categorised into two large types; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) [1]. Microalgae, contain important vitamins such as: vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E and H which are considered as potent and valuable sources of bioactive compounds and may be applied in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic sectors [3]. H. pluvialis is a unicellular green microalga that enters in many industries; nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, aquaculture and nutritious [4]. This freshwater alga belongs to the family of Haematococcaceae which contains compounds including fatty acids (lauric, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, margaric, oleic, lignoceric, gadoleic), vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B9, B6, B12, C and E) and carotenoids (astaxanthin (ASTA), canthaxanthin, echinenone, lutein and β-carotene)
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