Hazardous Petroleum Sludge-Derived Nitrogen and Oxygen Co-Doped Carbon Material with Hierarchical Porous Structure for High-Performance All-Solid-State Supercapacitors.

Xiaoyu Li,Zhuowei Tan,Peikun Liu,Zhenbo Wang,Zhiqiang Gong,Mingyang Zhang

doi:10.3390/ma14102477

Abstract

Rational design and sustainable preparation of high-performance carbonaceous electrode materials are important to the practical application of supercapacitors. In this work, a cost-effective synthesis strategy for nitrogen and oxygen co-doped porous carbon (NOC) from petroleum sludge waste was developed. The hierarchical porous structure and ultra-high surface area (2514.7 m2 g−1) of NOC electrode materials could provide an efficient transport path and capacitance active site for electrolyte ions. The uniform co-doping of N and O heteroatoms brought enhanced wettability, electrical conductivity and probably additional pseudo-capacitance. The as-obtained NOC electrodes exhibited a high specific capacitance (441.2 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), outstanding rate capability, and cycling performance with inconspicuous capacitance loss after 10,000 cycles. Further, the assembled all-solid-state MnO2/NOC asymmetrical supercapacitor device (ASC) could deliver an excellent capacitance of 119.3 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 under a wide potential operation window of 0–1.8 V with flexible mechanical stability. This ASC device yielded a superior energy density of 53.7 W h kg−1 at a power density of 180 W kg−1 and a reasonable cycling life. Overall, this sustainable, low-cost and waste-derived porous carbon electrode material might be widely used in the field of energy storage, now and into the foreseeable future.

Highlights

Utilization of clean and renewable energy is playing an increasingly significant role in green and sustainable development [1,2,3]
We report a novel N/O-co-doped carbon material with a high electrochemical capacitance performance from Petroleum sludge (PS) produced with a two-step process that simultaneously realizes porosity regulation and the self-doping of heteroatoms
nitrogen and oxygen co-doped porous carbon (NOC)-700 could obtain the superior specific capacitance value of 414.2 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, which is better than many other heteroatoms-doping carbon nanostructured electrodes reported recently, such as N/O co-doped porous carbon from waterborne acrylonitrile copolymer (317.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 ) [47], O/N co-doped porous carbon from ammonium citrate

Summary

Introduction

Utilization of clean and renewable energy is playing an increasingly significant role in green and sustainable development [1,2,3]. It is worth to explore the improved capacitance performance of N/O co-doped carbon electrodes [31]. The current strategy to achieve the effective doping of N or O into a carbon skeleton could be divided into two categories, direct synthesis and post-synthesis, respectively [32] The former attempts to use the N-enriched, O-enriched, or N/O-co-enriched carbon precursor for pyrolysis and activation treatment. We report a novel N/O-co-doped carbon material with a high electrochemical capacitance performance from PS produced with a two-step process that simultaneously realizes porosity regulation and the self-doping of heteroatoms. Materials 2021, 14, 2477 high surface area, and numerous N/O heteroatoms of the unique NOC obt optimal conditions allowed it to deliver a surprising specific capacitance and long-term cycling ability.

Materials Preparation in Scheme

M HF solution a fume hood to avoid inorganic of mineral

As-prepared

Capacitance Performance of the NOCs

Conclusions