Harmonizing harm reduction: uniting varied perspectives for enhanced social work practice

Abstract

ABSTRACT This Endpage examines harm reduction models, tracing their development and broadening scope. It distinguishes between two main approaches: the health model, prioritizing harm minimization while recognizing varying levels of readiness for complete abstinence, and the moral model, which centers on substance use reduction or abstinence. Both models’ strengths, such as their practical and empathetic nature, and limitations, including challenges like stigma and resource scarcity, are examined. Furthermore, the narrative explores avenues for integrating these models into interventions by social workers and agencies, including tailored assessments, client-centered planning, medication treatment, and supportive counseling, with an emphasis on respecting client autonomy. A call is made for a paradigm shift in substance use research and social work practice towards a strength-based and resilience-focused perspective, advocating for the harmonization of both harm reduction models to foster healthier outcomes and well-being among individuals and communities grappling with substance use issues.