Abstract
We review the recent approach to model the hadronic and nuclear matter equations of state using the induced surface tension concept, which allows one to go far beyond the usual Van der Waals approximation. Since the obtained equations of state, classical and quantum, are among the most successful ones in describing the properties of low density phases of strongly interacting matter, they set strong restrictions on the possible value of the hard-core radius of nucleons, which is widely used in phenomenological equations of state. We summarize the latest results obtained within this novel approach and perform a new detailed analysis of the hard-core radius of nucleons, which follows from hadronic and nuclear matter properties. Such an analysis allows us to find the most trustworthy range of its values: the hard-core radius of nucleons is 0.3–0.36 fm. A comparison with the phenomenology of neutron stars implies that the hard-core radius of nucleons has to be temperature and density dependent. Such a finding is supported when the eigenvolume of composite particles like hadrons originates from their fermionic substructure due to the Pauli blocking effect.
Highlights
A reliable and precise determination of major characteristics of symmetric nuclear matter is of fundamental importance [1,2,3,4,5] for the nuclear spectroscopy and for nuclear physics of intermediate energies, and for nuclear astrophysics in view of possible phase transformations which may occur in compact astrophysical objects such as neutron stars, and hypothetical hybrid and quark stars
For many years the hadron resonance gas model (HRGM) [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22] is successfully used to find out the parameters of chemical freeze-out (CFO) from the hadronic yields measured experimentally in high energy nuclear collisions
The parameter α = 1.25 was fixed in Refs. [20,21], since this value allows us to simultaneously reproduce the third and forth virial coefficients of the gas of classical hard spheres. Such a formulation of the induced surface tension (IST) equations of state (EoS) is used to simultaneously fit 111 independent hadron yield ratios measured at AGS, SPS, and RHIC energies
Summary
A reliable and precise determination of major characteristics of symmetric nuclear matter is of fundamental importance [1,2,3,4,5] for the nuclear spectroscopy and for nuclear physics of intermediate energies, and for nuclear astrophysics in view of possible phase transformations which may occur in compact astrophysical objects such as neutron stars, and hypothetical hybrid and quark stars. There exists a significant uncertainty in the K0 value, since earlier estimates provide K0 ' 220 − 260 MeV [6], while the more recent ones give us K0 ' 250 − 315 MeV [7] Such a parameter of the nuclear matter as the hard-core radius (HCR) of nucleons R N plays an important role in nuclear physics [1,3], and in nuclear astrophysics [2,4] and in the physics of heavy ion collisions (HIC) [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18].
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