Abstract
Development of highly filled nanocomposites with simultaneous enhanced properties in mechanical properties, anti-ablation and inflaming retarding is still a challenge. In this study, halloysite/ phenol-formaldehyde (Hal/PF) composites with different filling rate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, g/g, Hal/PF) were prepared. Hal can achieve good dispersibility even at highest filling rate, in which the tensile strength increases by 39%. The ablation performance tests indicate that the linear ablation rate decreases by 23% as compared to PF resins without the addition of Hal. Moreover, the formation of ceramic-like particles has been confirmed based on the characterizations of XRD, SEM, TEM mapping and Raman spectrometer. Cone calorimetry and vertical combustion tests show that the Hal/PF composites exhibit reduced combustion, retarded fire spread, reduced harmful gas production, lowered fire risk and reduced combustion degree. The as-prepared Hal/PF composites with simultaneous enhanced properties in stretching, impact, anti-ablation and inflaming retarding may provide more room to enrich the family of PF composites and extend their potential application in heat protection field.
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