Abstract
Haemosiderotic synovitis is a rare condition caused by recurrent or chronic haemarthroses. This may lead to intra-articular destruction, a painful joint, and, if untreated, ankylosis of the joint. We highlight a case of an elderly lady who presented to an orthopaedic clinic with left knee pain, following recurrent left knee atraumatic haemarthroses secondary to oral anticoagulant use. At her presentation, she had a left medial unicompartmental knee prosthesis in situ. Weight bearing radiographs of the left knee showed marked loss of lateral joint space with valgus alignment. These radiographic findings were not present on the radiographs taken at her first presentation with haemarthrosis nine months previously. A left revision total knee arthroplasty was performed, and a diagnosis of haemosiderotic synovitis was made following histological analysis of intraoperative tissue samples. This case highlights an unusual mechanism of failure of a unicompartmental knee replacement. Though haemosiderotic synovitis is an exceedingly rare condition, it must be considered following recurrent haemarthrosis as, due to its destructive nature, prompt recognition and treatment is paramount.
Highlights
Haemosiderotic synovitis is a proliferative synovial disorder that develops as the result of recurrent or chronic haemarthroses [1,2,3,4]
We describe a case of nonhaemophiliac haemosiderotic synovitis following recurrent warfarin-related atraumatic haemarthrosis in a woman presenting with worsening left knee pain and a previous unicompartmental left knee prosthesis
We highlight an unusual mechanism of failure of a unicompartmental knee replacement
Summary
Haemosiderotic synovitis is a proliferative synovial disorder that develops as the result of recurrent or chronic haemarthroses [1,2,3,4]. Haemosiderotic synovitis most commonly affects the knee joint, owing to this joint’s propensity to articular haemorrhage [1]. Chronic haemosiderotic synovitis can result in intra-articular synovial fibrosis, capsular fibrosis, and cartilage destruction, leading to an ankylosed, dysfunctional joint [4, 8]. We describe a case of nonhaemophiliac haemosiderotic synovitis following recurrent warfarin-related atraumatic haemarthrosis in a woman presenting with worsening left knee pain and a previous unicompartmental left knee prosthesis
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