Abstract
The javan gibbon reintroduction program requires assessment of suitable habitat within release sites to assure the survival of released gibbons. We studied habitat suitability for javan gibbon beginning in April 2017, extending to June 2017 in the Mount Malabar Protected Forest (MMPF), West Java. The objectives of this study were to analyze the habitat suitability of the release site for javan gibbon in MMPF. Analysis of Geographical Information System (GIS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach were used to obtain habitat suitability values. Habitat suitability variables measured are elevation, Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI), Bareness Soil Index (BSI), distance from the road, farming, settlement, and open field. We found suitability valued areas consisting of high suitability covered 2,009.23 ha (22.31%), moderate suitability covered 2,497.46 ha (27.73%), and low suitability covered 4.499,65 ha (49.96%), from a total area ± 8.894,47 ha in MMPF.
Highlights
Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) poaching for the illegal trade is a severe threat to their survival in the wild
Javan gibbon spatial distribution in Mount Gede Pangrango National Park (MGPNP) Twentyeight javan gibbon sighting point managed to be obtained in 8 MGPNP resorts, which are Cibodas, Nagrak, Cimungkad, Situgunung, Selabintana, Tapos, Cimande, and Bodogol
It can be concluded that Mount Malabar Protected Forest (MMPF) can be used as javan gibbon release site on its moderate and high suitability areas
Summary
Javan gibbon (Hylobates moloch) poaching for the illegal trade is a severe threat to their survival in the wild. Gibbons are captured while still young, often before weaning. The mothers are usually killed in order to capture a live infant or juvenile (Supriatna 2006, Nijman 2009). Before releasing gibbons in the wild, effective rehabilitation is essential to optimize behavioral ability and to optimize behavior health that will support successful adaptation to the wild. Rehabilitation and reintroduction programs have been widely used as an element of conservation strategies for endangered species (Kleiman 1989). Reintroduction programs provide an opportunity for animals that have lived in captivity to have another chance of living in the wild and may be one way of re-establishing populations that have become locally extinct (Komdeur & Deerenberg 1997)
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